Calculate cash-on-cash return, total ROI with appreciation, equity buildup, and a 5-year projection for any rental property.
Typically 2-3% of purchase price
Taxes, insurance, repairs, management (excluding mortgage)
Historical US average: ~3.5%. Use 0 for conservative estimate.
Total Cash Invested
$0
Down payment + closing costs
Monthly Cash Flow
$0
Rent minus all expenses including mortgage
| Year | Property Value | Equity | Annual CoC |
|---|---|---|---|
| Enter values to see projection | |||
Track ROI for every property in your portfolio
SealedFolio calculates these metrics automatically across your entire portfolio. Private, local, encrypted.
See pricingThere is no universal target for rental property cash-on-cash return. Compare projected annual cash flow with the cash you will invest, then judge the result against your financing costs, local market, expected repairs, vacancy, and investment goals. Appreciation and principal paydown can affect total return, but should be evaluated separately.
Cash-on-cash return measures annual pre-tax cash flow divided by total cash invested (down payment plus closing costs). Total ROI includes appreciation and equity buildup in addition to cash flow. Cash-on-cash is a simpler, more conservative metric focused on actual cash received.
Rental ROI = (Annual Net Income / Total Cash Invested) x 100. Annual net income equals gross rent minus all expenses including mortgage, taxes, insurance, maintenance, and vacancy. Total cash invested includes your down payment, closing costs, and any initial repairs.
The 5-year total return above counts cash flow, appreciation, and principal paydown but no tax benefits, so the depreciation deduction on a rental property is missing from it. SealedFolio's rental property depreciation calculator shows what that write-off is worth each year at your tax rate, and every other SealedFolio tool is listed in the real estate calculator library. Weighing a quick resale against a long hold? The SealedFolio fix and flip profit calculator nets out renovation, holding, and selling costs and applies the 70 percent rule.
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To put these numbers in front of a partner or lender, see how to write a real estate investment report, with a worked $300,000 example.